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Zastosuj identyfikator do podlinkowania lub zacytowania tej pozycji: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/3565
Tytuł: El insulto como ritual en la "Batalla de Rap" : estudio pragmalinguistico
Autor: Deditius, Sabina
Słowa kluczowe: obelga rytualna; Walka Kogutów; hiszpański żargon; obelgi Hiszpania
Data wydania: 2015
Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach
Abstrakt: The aim of the publication is to analyse the phenomenon of the ritual insult within the field of pragmatics. The core of the research is focused on understanding what kind of values and linguistic characteristics of the ritual are present among the members of rap subculture. We specify the characteristics of the ritual insult used by rappers during an event called in Spain “The Rooster Fight” (Rap Battle). The verbal game in question is a highly stylized activity that crucially relies on creativity, verbal wit and cunning, and often rough rhetoric. No matter where the game is played, its rules demand that it be fought in a nonviolent way (Smitherman, 1995b: 20) and some conventional lines or standard themes trigger the exchange. Equally universal is the theatricality of the event. It is “speech on display” by definition, a ritualized way of projecting one’s personality to others while working up and fighting with the rival (Schwegler, 2007: 135). The analysis of ritual insult is carried out in the area of the Relevance Theory (Sperber and Wils on, 1986/95; Carston, 2002; Wils on and Sperber, 2002, 2004) that departs substantially from Grice’s account of the expectations that guide the comprehension process. For relevance theorists, the very act of communicating raises precise and predictable expectations of relevance, which are enough on their own to guide the hearer towards the speaker’s meaning. Sperber and Wils on (1995: 182) introduced the notion of explicature, which was to complement the Gricean notion of implicature, in an attempt to show that pragmatic inferences contribute not only to what is implied, but also to what is explicitly communicated. The notion of explicature and implicature has been used to carry out the analysis of ritual insult. In this publication a historical outline of studies on insult with particular reference to the works on pragmatic aspect of insulting is presented. Among many definitions of insult, the most convincing seems to be the one provided by Marisela Colín Rodea (2003, 2005, 2010) who postulates that insulting includes every act, verbal or non-verbal (word, expression, behavior, face expression), that uses aggression and tends to hurt the addressee. This elaboration is based on the previous research by Marisela Colín Rodea that include the following factors: socialization, violence, aggression, emotions and politeness. What is more, the contemporary model of the insult that take into account the explicitness and the implicitness of its expression is discussed. The study includes the explanation of the historical issues of ritual insult (Labov, 1972; Brown, 1972; Kochman, 1972; Morgan, 1991; Majors, 1994; Van Dijk et al. 2000a; Schwegler, 2007; Cutler, 2007; Progovac and Locke, 2009) and origins of the hip hop subculture. It is claimed that hip hoppers are a typical example of “urban tribes”, that are microgroups of people who share common interests in urban areas. The members of these relatively small groups tend to have similar worldviews, dress styles and behavioral patterns. Their social interactions are largely informal and different from late capitalism’s corporate-bourgeoisie cultures (Toner, 1998; Keyes, 2002; Pawlak, 2004; Gonçalves de Paula, 2006; Camargo, 2007; Reyes Sánchez, 2007; Cutler, 2007). The main focus of this part of the study is the introduction of the research of ritual insults by W. Labov (1972) that provides a rich structural and functional analysis of the sounding. Then the parallels between the Rap Battle and the Tragedy are discussed. At the end of this part general features of the language of youth, and general characteristics of rap discourse are suggested. The author points out that the ‘antycourtesy’ (Zimmermann, 2003, 2005) is a constituent of the identity of young people. The last part of the study has the analytic character. Firstly, the reason of using the Relevance Theory in order to analyze the ritual insult is explained. Secondly, the definition of the ritual insult in the context of the Rap Battle in Spain is developed by the author. Then, using the framework of interactional sociolinguistics, videos from the MC battles that took place in Barcelona, Madrid and Bilbao between 2007—2009 are analysed. Moreover, a typology of the ritual insults is proposed: expressed in an implicit way (You have the Hobbit face) and in an explicit way (Asshole!, You idiot!). Seven main groups of the rituals are distinguished and they are related to the mother of a rival and other members of his family, his appearance, the skills of a rival, his discourse, the masculinity of a rival. Additionally, the author analysed ritual insults paying a special attention to the usage of rhetorical figures (between the most frequent: metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole, personification). Finally, the rhetoric aspect of the discourse is introduced, given that the rap discourse has the persuasive character and is pronounced by the rappers who attempt to inform, persuade and motivate the audience in the specific situation of the battle.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/3565
ISBN: 9788380125094
9788380125100
Pojawia się w kolekcji:Książki/rozdziały (W.Hum.)

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