Klucz do zrozumienia Arktyki. Fiord jako ogniwo integrujące ocean, ląd i atmosferę

Abstract

Fjords are long and deep bays of the glacial origin. Thanks to their extent into the interior they effectively contributed settlement process. Currently fjords are economically exploited by the wide scope of activities related to marine economy and tourism. Due to sea – atmosphere – land interactions, fjords become the subject of interdisciplinary studies on feedbacks between the individual environment components. Particular scientific interest is focused on the arctic fjords due to their still unaffected nature and climate changes 2–4 times faster in polar areas than in other regions of the world. Such kind of studies devoted to the observations of the fjords in Svalbard were carried out within AWAKE international project and are continued with AWAKE2. In particular, the investigations concern the frequency and results of the warm Atlantic water inflow into the fjords. Glaciers terminating into fjords influenced by environmental changes, since the end of 19th century are in permanent recession. Glaciers supply increased amount of freshwater coming from both the melting and the calving.