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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/6306
Title: Warunki siedliskowe terenów poprzemysłowych a biologia traw: Calamagrostis epigejos i Phragmites australis w aspekcie ich wykorzystania w rekultywacji
Authors: Szary, Małgorzata
Advisor: Woźniak, Gabriela
Błońska, Agnieszka
Keywords: zwałowiska skały płonnej; zwałowiska cynkowo-ołowiowe; efektywność fotosyntezy; cechy funkcjonalne roślin; trzcina pospolita (Phragmites australis); trzcinnik piaskowy (Calamagrostis epigejos)
Issue Date: 2018
Publisher: Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski
Abstract: The term “brownfields” refers in general to post-industrial sites characterized by unique, unparalleled physical and chemical properties that determine the occurrence of atypical plant communities and the mechanisms of their co-occurrence. As a result of the degradation of soils, there is a reduction in the occurrence or complete lack of vegetation and the appearance of anomalies in the growth and development of the resident plants. Numerous observations and studies have suggested the existence of a mosaic of microhabitats on the dumping ground of industrial wastes. The mosaicism of post-industrial areas allows them to be colonized by plant species with an extremely diverse spectrum of habitat requirements. All anthropogenic sites of post-industrial origin are characterized by a mineral substrate, poor in nutrients, and difficult living conditions for plants caused by low humidity. Nevertheless, vegetation can spontaneously enter the non-reclaimed post-industrial areas and, over time, creates permanent communities. Grasses have small habitat requirements compared to other plant groups. The ability to propagate, in combination with numerous morphological, anatomical, cytological and physiological adaptations gives the grass unparalleled colonization skills over other plants. The presence of grass species in degraded habitats protects against erosion, improves the quality of atmospheric air, initiates the soil-forming processes and creates living conditions for fauna. The sand reed (Calamagrostis epigejos) and common reed (.Phragmites australis) are two of the grass species dominating in the vegetation patches spontaneously arising on postindustrial wastelands. The participation of these two species in all the stages of spontaneous succession proves their ability to colonize particularly disadvantageous habitats. The aim of the present study was to compare individuals of both clonal grass species from post-industrial sites and anthropogenic areas not post-industrial as control, in reference to: - differences in floristic and functional composition of accompanying species, - differences in height and biomass of individuals, - differences in physiological parameters of individuals (chlorophyll content, intensity of photosynthesis or stress). The hypothesis of the research was to verify if different environments could affect in a different way the individual performances in the two grass species considered, implying possible divergences in the morphological plasticity. Post coal mining spoil heaps and zinc-lead mining dumps were chosen as typologies of post-industrial sites for sampling. The results of the observations carried out indicated that the greatest richness of co-occurring species was detected, for both studied species, on coal mining heaps. The height and biomass of the individuals of Calamagrostis epigejos and the biomass of individuals of Phragmites australis were lower on zinc-lead dumps compared to the results from coal dumps and control sites. In case of Phragmites australis, the highest values of height were found in the control areas. The biology of two grass species was influenced by both environmental conditions and factors at biocenotic level (species and functional composition). The content of chlorophyll, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H202), and the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence showed a different physiological response of the studied grass species between post-industrial sites and control areas (anthropogenic non-industrial). For both species, negative changes in photosynthesis at the level of photosystem II (PSII) were observed in plants growing on post-industrial sites. On the basis of the OJIP charts and leaf models, describing the efficiency of photosynthesis and energy flow, a common tendency was observed for both species. At the end of the growing season (August, September), the parameters analyzed in the sand reed and common reed indicated an improved photosynthetic efficiency and better condition of plants.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/6306
Appears in Collections:Rozprawy doktorskie (WNP)

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