Płytka eksploatacja węgla kamiennego na Płaskowzgórzu Dańdówki (Wyżyna Śląska)

Abstract

Shallow exploitation of black coal in Dańdówka Plateau was carried out on a wide scale in the 19th century and in the early part of the 20th century. It included 20% of the area of plateau and its effects still reveal. Two regions of shallow exploitation were here distinguished – the northern, including 10 smaller fields as well as the southern with three fields. Within them 138 excavations were stated, which in the majority of cases had the depth of 10–15 m, maximally 63 m. In result of falling of the part of empty places tens of collapse cones have been originated, often after several years after exploitation finishing. The largest density of empty places occurs below the built-up areas, making the potential hazard for the terrain surface and the construction of buildings.