Interaction of Arylidenechromanone/Flavanone Derivatives with Biological Macromolecules Studied as Human Serum Albumin Binding, Cytotoxic Effect, Biocompatibility Towards Red Blood Cells

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effect of 3-arylidenechromanone (1) and 3-arylideneflavanone (2) on HL-60 and NALM-6 cell lines (two human leukemia cell lines) and a WM-115 melanoma cell line. Both compounds exhibited high cytotoxic activity with higher cytotoxicity exerted by compound 2, for which IC50 values below 10 Mwere found for each cell line. For compound 1, the IC50 values were higher than 10 Mfor HL-60 andWM-115 cell lines, but IC50 < 10 Mwas found for the NALM-6 cell line. Both compounds, at the concentrations close to IC50 (concentration range: 5–24 M/L for compound 1 and 6–10 M/L for compound 2), are not toxic towards red blood cells. The synthesized compounds were characterized using spectroscopic methods 1H- and 13C-NMR, IR, MS, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The lipophilicity of both synthesized compounds was determined using an RP-TLC method and the logP values found were compared with the theoretical ones taken from theMolinspiration Cheminformatics (miLogP) software package. The mode of binding of both compounds to human serum albumin was assessed using molecular docking methods.