Abstrakt: | The aim of the paper is to briefly present the philosophy of Hans Wagner
(1917—2000) as belonging to the last phase of the development of the German
transcendental philosophy. Hans Wagner’s philosophy is presented as an attempt
to synthesize earlier positions developed on the basis of this tradition, namely the
synthesis of: (a) neo-Kantianism with post-neo-Kantianism, (b) Kant’s philosophy
with Hegel’s philosophy, (c) neo-Kantian transcendentalism with Husserl’s transcendentalism,
(d) the philosophy of transcendental subject (Kant, neo-Kantianism,
phenomenology) with the philosophy of empirical subject (Hönigswald, Heidegger,
Sartre). The main theoretical figure of Hans Wagner’s philosophy is the problem of
two aspects of human thinking: its absoluteness and finiteness. According to Wagner
development of the philosophical reflection, which we can observe on the example of
the evolution of — originating from Kant — transcendental philosophy, leads to an
explanation of the possibility to reconcile these two aspects of human thinking, and
thus to answer the very question: how is it possible that our thinking can be both
absolute and finished, and what are the consequences of this fact for the status of
all cultural products of human thinking, such as: science, morality or law. |