| Abstract: | A preschool child requires special care, which is why the teacher’s activities should be
focused on the selection of methods that activate and motivate the child and enable the
practical application of acquired knowledge. These methods are »used to support
comprehensively develop the child, and also stimulate his creative activity. The main
advantage of activating methods is the improvement of skills useful not only during classes,
but also in everyday life, e.g. the ability to draw conclusions, analytical and critical thinking,
combining events and facts into cause-and-effect relationships, the ability to behave properly
in a new situation, communication skills, discussing, creativity. ,
This doctoral dissertation raises two important issues that are present in the work of a
preschool teacher on a daily basis. The first is related to the development of the speech of a
six-year-old child and achieving his readiness to learn to read. The second concerns unusual
solutions in pre-school education, i.e. the use of specific activating methods: educational
kinesiology and kinetic analysis of a literary text in classes with six-year-old children.
Chapter 1 presents the characteristics of the cognitive and emotional development of a
preschool child, in particular in the field of visual, auditory perception, attention, thinking and
speech. The description contains the child's silhouette in so-called developmental norm, as
well as a child who may have some disorders in a particular developmental sphere. Chapter 2
deals with the neurocognitive assumptions of children's brain development. Much attention
was devoted to the subject of multi-sensory stimulation of brain development. Brain
researchers, based on the conducted experiments, prove that the brain does not learn as it was
previously thought, and the possibility of effective use of its potential is to be achieved
provided that innovative teaching methods are introduced. The importance of
neurotransmitters in the learning process has also been signaled. Chapter 3 has become an
attempt to answer the question of what is readiness to learn to read, how does the process of
assimilating reading by a six-year-old child, what is the role of teacher and kindergarten in
acquiring this complicated skill. When compiling the list of reading methods used, from
traditional to alternative, a variety of educational approaches, a multitude of teaching aids,
attractiveness and the ability to adapt them to the possibilities of preschool children were
taken into account. Chapter 4 presents the methodological assumptions of own research, the
subject and objectives of these studies, research problems, hypotheses, variables and their
indicators, methods, techniques and tools, as well as the area, organization, research and study
groups. Chapter 5 describes the experimental factors used in the research, i.e. two activating
methods: educational kinesiology and kinetic analysis of a literary text. A series of exercises
were presented to balance both cerebral hemispheres, improve concentration, attention, and
visual-motor-auditoiy coordination. The remaining chapters show the effectiveness of the
educational kinesiology method in improving speech and achieving readiness to learn to read
a six-year-old child by comparing the level of language competence in the studied groups and
determining the level of communication competence after applying the appropriate set of
exercises according to the concept of P. and G. Dennison. Finally, chapter 10 presents the
effectiveness of the method of educational kinesiology and kinetic analysis of a literary text in
a comparative approach. Based on the analyzes, final conclusions and recommendations
appeared. The possibility of using activating methods, which are an attractive and involving
many senses solution used in meetings with a small recipient, was indicated.
By leaning on the conclusions resulting from the conducted research it is worth noting
that all experimental activities not only brought a lot of valuable data empirical, but met with
great interest of children and their approval. All this in order for a small person to be able to
succeed in the future, for him to develop his own self-esteem, become a real personality and
not to get lost in difficult situations that may arise in his life. |