Problematyka aktu błogosławieństwa w językoznawstwie i etnoligniwstyce

Abstract

Blessings, classed as performative acts, are the example of realization of language’s causative function. They refer to beliefs of participants of the act of communication. They aim to create new, paralinguistic reality by means of verbal measures. The acts of blessing accomplish magic function of language by direct references to sacrum area. They are an integral part of folk culture and inform of an intimate relation between sender and recipient of the statement. Blessings are present in rituals, habits and celebrations which have family character. They indicate concern for preservance and transferring of tradition. By explaining accompanying gestures, blessings update, deep-rooted in human attitude, belief of existence of supernatural power. This power may have positive impact on human’s life. Acclamation of blessing formula becomes participation of sender and recipient in sacrum area. It is caused by pragmatic character of the act of speech. The aim of blessing is to give the recipient some good, which after exact and fautles pronouncement of formula, becomes reality, regardless intentions of the sender.