DC pole | Wartość | Język |
dc.contributor.author | Niemczyk, Katarzyna | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-09-03T06:37:27Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2018-09-03T06:37:27Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2016 | - |
dc.identifier.isbn | 9788380128040 | - |
dc.identifier.isbn | 9788380128057 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/5994 | - |
dc.description.abstract | The book entitled The Kamieniecki family, bearers of the Pilawa coat of arms. The history
of the career and advancement of the Polish nobility until 1535 / 1536 is devoted to the Kamieniecki
family – Polish magnates of the late medieval period and the early modern period.
The author presents the path of their career, the journey to the top both in the political
as well as economic sense.
The progenitor of the Kamieniecki family was Klemens of Moskorzew, bearer of the Pilawa
coat of arms (late 14th century). He was descended from petty nobility whose influence
was small at that time. However, owing to the work in the chancery of Spytek of Melsztyn,
whose support was courted by King Władysław Jagiełło, they built their own faction and
paved the way to a career in the royal chancery. As a deputy chancellor of the treasury and
a staunch supporter of the Polish ruler he received many grants. He received the Dobczyce
demesne and Kamieniec, which soon became the heart of the estate of the descendants
of Moskorzewski and who hence came to call themselves Kamieniecki, as a token of the
appreciation for the defence of Wilno against army of the Teutonic Knights.
However, the son of Klemens, Marcin, followed a different path. He distanced himself
from the Jagiellonians and, as a consequence of his refusal to participate in the Turkish
expedition, the Dobczyce demesne was confiscated from him. It was only thanks to the
intercession of high-ranking noblemen (probably Piotr Szafraniec, his father-in-law) and
thanks to the fondness felt by Jagiełło toward Marcin’s father that he was allowed to keep
Kamieniec. Marcin Kamieniecki’s policy brought about a profound crisis of the family which
it managed to overcome (and return to the glory of the Moskorzewski period) only after
almost fifty years. This difficult path was began by Marcin’s brother, Piotr. He returned to
the thing owing to which the Kamieniecki built their position, that is to the collaboration
with the ruling dynasty. He participated in the confederation of Spytek of Melsztyn, and
above all he supported Władysław Warneńczyk during his stay in Hungary and two expeditions
against Turkey. Piotr’s efforts resulted in the reclamation of Dobczyce. This was
a token of the appreciation for his assistance in Hungary.
Piotr’s brother, Henryk, also contributed to the restoration of the position of the Kamieniecki
family but he devoted himself to the reconstruction of the estate which declined during
Marcin’s time. Despite the fact that his engagement in politics was marginal, it was even in
these isolated cases that he supported the Jagiellonians. As a result of this he received the
Sanok castellany from the king. Therefore Piotr and Henryk laid the foundation on which the position of the family could be built by the sons of Henryk, and the latter were successful
at it. It is the last generation of the Kamieniecki family which is presented in this book – the
brothers: Mikołaj, Jan, Marcin, Henryk – achieved the greatest success by not only making
reference to the glory that the family enjoyed during the time of Klemens Moskorzewski but
by surpassing these achievements. Mikołaj Kamieniecki was promoted to the rank of one of
the most trusted people of the subsequent rulers: Jan Olbracht, Aleksander, Zygmunt Stary.
In 1503, for the first time in Polish history, he was nominated a crown hetman. He became
famous by engaging in numerous skirmishes with Moldovans and especially by the successful
expeditions to Pokucie in the years 1506 and 1509. Mikołaj’s brothers followed in his footsteps
and made a career in the military. Jan became a captain of horse, whereas Marcin held the
office of a vicecampiductor, which corresponded with the role of a field marshal. Henryk, who
also made a military career, perished during the Battle of Wiśniowiec in 1494.
The Kamieniecki family played a significant role in the foreign policy of the Polish
state, especially in the policy associated with Hungary and Moldavia. The latter policy
was engaged especially by the “last” generation of the Kamieniecki family, which was to
a great extent a result of the offices that they held, that is the offices of the “field” marshal
and the grand crown hetman, and the political situation of the country at that time. One
should also emphasise the significant engagement of Klemens of Moskorzew in the issues
associated with the Teutonic Knights. He made a name for himself not only by his defence
of Wilno against the army of the Teutonic Knights who supported Witold but also by his
participation in the negotiations with the Order of the Teutonic Knights and the signing
of a peace treaty in Raciążek.
The development of the estate of the Kamieniecki family was strictly associated with
the status of the family and during the course of a hundred years this status oscillated in
a sinusoidal manner. For whereas Klemens of Moskorzew, owing to his work in the chancery
and the merit that he earned during his stay in Wilno, managed to build up a considerable
estate consisting of the Dobczyce demesne, the Kamieniec demesne and a number of houses
in Kraków, his son Marcin, who entered the path of conflict with the monarch, betrayed
him almost completely. Only the subsequent generations made an effort to rebuild the
lost estates. A special role in the expansion of the estates by the “last” generation of the
Kamieniecki family was played by the awards which were presented to them for valour in
combat and the merit demonstrated on the fields of battle. As Marcin Kamieniecki held
the office of a “field” marshal, and Jan was captain of horse of the permanent defence,
these grants concentrated especially in Ruthenia. Therefore the new centre of the estate
was established near Załoźce in Podolia and it was there that the economic interest of the
family was concentrated throughout the course of the subsequent centuries. However, the
royal grants in that region were not the only reason for such a turn of events. Due to the
constant borrowing of money from the Boner family, a well-known family of bankers, the
debt that the Kamieniecki incurred from this family forced Marcin first to sell Książ Wielki
and then to hand over the Kamieniec castle. Thus the Kamieniecki lost the heart of their
estate. Therefore just as the acquisition of Kamieniec by Moskorzewski became a symbolic
“beginning” of the Kamieniecki family, this economic incident – the loss of the castle – in
a way closes and highlights this chapter of the history of the Kamieniecki which was described
in the present dissertation. | pl_PL |
dc.language.iso | pl | pl_PL |
dc.publisher | Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego | pl_PL |
dc.rights | Uznanie autorstwa-Użycie niekomercyjne-Bez utworów zależnych 3.0 Polska | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pl/ | * |
dc.subject | Kamienieccy | pl_PL |
dc.subject | szlachta polska | pl_PL |
dc.subject | herby | pl_PL |
dc.subject | historia | pl_PL |
dc.title | Kamienieccy herbu Pilawa : z dziejów kariery i awansu szlachty polskiej do 1535/1536 roku | pl_PL |
dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/book | pl_PL |
Pojawia się w kolekcji: | Książki/rozdziały (W.Hum.)
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