Specyfika semantyczna czasowników z przyrostkiem "-nu-"/"-ną-" w języku rosyjskim i polskim

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate semantic similarities and differences between Polish and Russian verbs with suffixes -Hy-/-ną-. The analyzed affixes form semantically neutral semelfactive verbs in standard Polish and Russian. The main differ- ence can be observed in the spoken language, in which suffixes -Hy-/-ną- form expressive semelfactive verbs. The study shows that the Russian suffix -Hy- is more productive as it can be added to almost any durative verb stem and it is part of another suffix -aHy-, which does not have an equivalent in Polish. In Polish the expressive character of -ną- verbs can be achieved secondarily as a result of a metaphorization and metonymyzation of semantically neutral verbs.