Jak dziecko poznaje język - od nabywania do kształcenia kompetencji językowej

Abstract

The following paper considers how a child acquires language. It begins by defining the exterior environments (family, school, friendship groups) where the processes of native language acquisition and learning take place. The theories of language acquisition that present the shift from a universal language model to a specific language model in the process of speech perception are described. Presenting the communicative approach (interaction perspective), the author identifies the complexity of social relationships encountered by a child in his/her family, friendship groups or at school. These social relationships, along with memory and cognitive skills, influence the speed of native language development. Three spheres of influence on a child language development, and four areas of language activity: reading, speaking, writing and listening, have been discussed, taking the educational context into consideration.