Podmioty w prawach człowieka

Abstract

The article presents an approach to the problem of subjectivity in the context of human rights, explains the fundamental dilemmas in this regard, and presents the current scientific reflection. The scope of the analysis covers the following issues: the importance of the problem of subjectivity within the ideology of human rights, the individual and the state as the key actors on the ground of human rights, human rights versus civil rights; subjective and objective restrictions on the application of human rights to the individual; extension of the protection of human rights onto collective entities; applicability of human rights to legal persons of private and public law; addressees of human rights; the concept of the horizontal application of human rights.