Relative function in space of discourse in interaction

Abstract

The structuralist tradition used to give primacy to the interest of language system — abstract and decontextualized one, however in the work by de Saussure, fundamental for this theoretical-ideological-methodological orientation, one may observe a perception of social nature of language (as well as — what is important for an issue interesting for us — a rank of oral form of language existence). Only the intellectual climate of the end of the 60s of the last century in the United States — appearance and development of pragmatic linguistics and sociolinguistics, or these linguistic domains, which may be defined as integrationalist — directed linguistics to speaking, operating language, communicating in a situation. Such a way of understanding and practising linguistics quickly reached Europe, reached Poland. Its motto could be Roman Jakobson’s point of view expressed just in 1952: “Je pense que la réalité fondamentale á laquelle le linguiste a affaire, c’est l’interlocution — l’échange des messages entre émetteur et receveur, destinateur et destinataire, encodeur et decodeur” (JAKOBSON, 1963: 32).